Undo the Last Git Commit (Keep Changes)

The Command

git reset --soft HEAD~1

This keeps all your changes staged. Use --mixed instead if you want them unstaged.

When to Use It

• You committed too early
• You want to amend the commit message or add more files
• You realized the commit belongs on a different branch

Nuclear Option

If you want to throw away the changes entirely:

git reset --hard HEAD~1

Warning: --hard discards everything. Only use it if you’re sure.